GUILTY UNTIL PROVEN INNOCENT

January 7, 2011

I was doing some research on the chemical preservative phenoxyethanol when I came across the book "Guilty Until Proven Innocent" by Gagik Melikyan, a must read for anyone who makes, sells or buys body products. (yes I bought and read it)



  Small Bio on Gagik Melikyan: Gagik Melikyan is a Professor of Chemistry in the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry at California State University Northridge in Los Angeles. He is a nationally and internationally recognized expert in the field of radical chemistry. Being a highly cited author, his research has culminated in 76 papers, reviews and book chapters on radical organic and organometallic chemistry, transition metal-mediated chemical transformations, computational chemistry, natural products syntheses, anticancer drug development, and non-steroidal hormones. A devoted educator and scientist who was awarded the Outstanding Faculty and Polished Apple Awards, he has educated and trained a whole generation of professionals working in the fields of chemistry, biology, and medicine. For many years he was involved, as an expert, in protecting the American public from harmful chemicals and environmental pollutants. In his book, he not only covers the dangers of certain chemicals in cosmetics, including parabens, but he also talks about antioxidants, foods and supplements. He claims to have written "Guilty Until Proven Innocent" after receiving numerous questions from his students on the latest "hot topics" like the use of parabens in cosmetics. He wanted to write a book for the layman to read and understand. “My concern is that people might be exploiting the public’s ignorance of a purely scientific issue, so I have written my book in the easiest terms possible so that the general public with no scientific background can understand it,” he said. You can find more information here about why Gagik wrote this book: CLICK HERE FOR FULL DETAILS Excerpt from Amazon.com
An extraordinary book that provides compelling evidence that antioxidants, foods, supplements, cosmetics, and natural compounds can be harmful to the human body. It arms a layperson with the critical knowledge that will allow him/her to make educated choices and protect themselves and beloved ones from potentially hazardous substances.
The book is well written and although chemistry can be difficult to grasp the author does a great job of breaking down the science and making it as understandable as possible for the lay person. A few quotes on parabens from the book:
"The accumulation in the breast tissue, in particular in the breast cancer tissues, was experimentally established, and third, their estrogenicity, an ability to mimic natural estrogen, was also demonstrated. If all these data are not enough to raise a red flag, then what else can?"
"From a business point of view, it is understandable that products need to be protected from premature spoilage. The question is, "What is the price that consumers have been paying for it?"
He goes on to discuss what happens to chemicals when they enter the body. It is a very profound read for anyone who has taken the lack of oversite from the FDA on the cosmetic industry seriously. I appreciate this authors unbiased research and delivery of information to the public, the following quote says a great deal about his integrity:
"It is never easy to go against the flow, but I decided to do that because I consider it to be my civic duty, as a scientist," says Professor Melikyan.
Hopefully he's educating many more scientists like himself :)
The Soap Sister said...

That sounds like a great read, Michelle! I'm still amazed at the number of "natural" or "organic" labels that are put on products that clearly AREN'T. Consumers really need to be educated!

madpiano said...

Michelle, I am not sure if Parabens can enter the body through the skin, I think it's much more likely that Parabens that we eat may accumulate in the body, but would you stop eating carrots because of that? Some are used as food preservatives, others occur naturally. I haven't read the book yet, but has anyone ever checked healthy breast tissue and worked out if parabens are found there as well? And if so, may they possibly be good for us, considering they are part of fruits and vegetables?

Here is a Wiki quote:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paraben
Some parabens are found naturally in plant sources. For example, methylparaben is found in blueberries,[4][5][6] where it acts as an antimicrobial agent. However, when parabens are eaten, they are metabolised and lose the ester group, making them less strongly estrogen-mimicking.[7]

Michelle said...

The Soap Sister,

I agree! I just saw one last night, a lotion labelled "all natural" with a synthetic preservative. Hopefully there will be a move in the right direction on that issue and people will inquire more about what they are buying.



madpiano,

There isn’t a reputable scientist out there that would deny parabens are absorbed through the skin. The question is to what rate and what happens after it gets into our system, which this book does address. The molecular structure of a given chemical, the quality of the skin (whether dehydrated or hydrated), age of skin (young or old), the individuals health, etc… all play a role in the rate of skin absorption of any chemical (synthetic or natural).



The whole point of this book is not to say all synthetic chemicals are bad (the author also talks about the danger of natural ingredients - depending on what they are), the book breaks down the science to educate lay persons on what happens to a particular chemical when it is exposed to enzymes in the body. The author makes it clear that if the general public understood the science they would have an entirely different perspective on what it is we use, whether it be on our bodies or in our bodies (hence his research on antioxidants and supplements). I think this is where the title speaks for itself. Why are so many people saying “the research hasn’t proved anything, so keep using it until it does?” I think someone educated on the science of it all would say, “the research raised the cause for concern but hasn’t proven anything either way, why don’t we avoid this chemical until the research proves beyond a doubt that it is safe?” This is what the author is trying to convey to his readers.



Your argument about healthy breast tissue and ingestion of parabens is why this author wrote the book (not that issue specifically but in general on cosmetics, food, supplements, etc..). Whether or not the parabens were in healthy tissue doesn’t change the fact that parabens are an estrogen mimic and exposure to estrogenic compounds can be dangerous since elevated levels have been to proven to cause breast cancer. If the body is storing parabens in any tissue (breast or otherwise), which the current research shows it does, it means levels will increase upon exposure (whether through ingestion or topical) and this raises serious concerns for women. If anything, the research definitely proves that if we are ingesting parabens than to avoid raising our levels of this estrogen mimic we certainly shouldn’t be using it on our bodies.



I found that reading what others say on the web about this subject or what is printed in the monthly health, fitness, eco magazines, is far from understanding the true science beyond the problem. If you are interested in chemistry at all and what happens to chemicals as they enter the body (synthetic or natural) you will find this book to be very educational. It breaks down the chemical structure of each molecule in a visual manner so that it can be understood by just about anyone.

Michelle said...

madpiano,

To give you an idea of how the book is written, which you may find valuable, here is a bit of information on the paraben chapter (I'll give you the short version).

Parabens contain a phenol moiety which is attached to the ester group O=C-OR. The toxicity of phenol is discussed.... A combination of hydroxyl group and phenyl group creates a new quality that is not compatible with the human body. The EPA's IRIS identified phenol as a highly toxic compound that causes damages to living organisms.

The author questions why when so much is known about the toxicity of the parent compound, phenol, is it being used as a preservative in food and body products when paraben clearly contains a phenol moiety.

Anonymous said...

I'll definitely check out this book (as well as the one you'd just read on GoodReads)! Thanks, M!

Michelle said...

Hey T, I think you will find this book very interesting, especially with your science knowlege. What I couldn't grasp I had a biologist friend explain to me but you will definitely understand it all and I will be interested in your thoughts after you've read it.

The book I posted on goodreads is really good. Pretty much common sense and stuff you and I are very aware of but reading about the research the authors did is enlightening. I did a review on GR but I accidently cleared it and didn't have time to repost it. I have to do that still.

Anonymous said...

LOL! You give me too much credit for biology knowledge. I tool Biol 101 back in '83/'84 and only did a little bit of review when I ran ds#1's biology lab class. ;)